Evaluation of lung injury in rats and mice.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Lung injury is a broad descriptor that can be applied to conditions ranging from mild interstitial edema without cellular injury to massive and fatal destruction of the lung. This review addresses those methods that can be readily applied to rats and mice whose small size limits the techniques that can be practically used to assess injury. The methodologies employed range from nonspecific measurement of edema formation to techniques for calculating values of specific permeability coefficient for the microvascular membrane in lung. Accumulation of pulmonary edema can be easily and quantitatively measured using gravimetric methods and indicates an imbalance in filtration forces or restrictive properties of the microvascular barrier. Lung compliance can be continuously measured, and light and electron microscopy can be used regardless of lung size to detect edema and structural damage. Increases in fluid and/or protein flux due to increased permeability must also be separated from those due to increased filtration pressure for mechanistic interpretation. Although an increase in the initial lung albumin clearance compared with controls matched for size and filtration pressure is a reliable indicator of endothelial dysfunction, calculated alterations in capillary filtration coefficient K(f,c), reflection coefficient sigma, and permeability-surface area product PS are the most accurate indicators of increased permeability. Generally, PS and K(f,c) will increase and sigma will decrease with vascular injury, but derecruitment of microvascular surface area may attenuate the affect on PS and K(f,c) without altering measurements of sigma.
منابع مشابه
Protective effect of vitamin D on radiation-induced lung injury: Experimental evidence
Background: Vitamin D, especially its most active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃(Vit D) is essential in regulating a wide variety of biologic processes, such as regulating mesangial cell activation. The objective of this study was to assess the histopathological changes of effectiveness of Vit D as a protective agent against radiation induced lung injury. Materials and Methods: Eighteen Wi...
متن کاملProtective effect of S-nitrosoglutathione pretreatment on acute lung injury in septic rats
Objective(s): To investigate the protective effect of S-nitrosoglutathione (SNG) pretreatment on acute lung injury (ALI) in septic rats. Materials and Methods: We constructed a rat model of sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP), and randomly divided into Sham, CLP, and CLP+SNG (0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg) groups. We used H&E; staining an...
متن کاملThe Protective Effect of Sodium Ferulate and Oxymatrine Combination on Paraquat-induced Lung Injury
Experimental evidence suggested that sodium ferulate (SF) and oxymatrine (OMT) combination had synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. We hypothesized that SF and OMT combination treatment might have protective effects on paraquat-induced acute lung injury. In our study, the Swiss mice were randomly divided into seven groups, including control, paraquat (PQ), SF (6.2 mg/kg/day); ...
متن کاملThe Effect of Rosa canina Extract Against Paraquat-induced Lung Injury
Background & objectives: Paraquat is a toxic herbicide that is widely used in many countries. Paraquat selectively accumulates in the lung tissue and leads to severe pulmonary injury through the oxidative and inflammatory processes. The plant Rosa canina L. has been used for long years as an herbal medicine throughout the world. Rosa canina L. is a member of Rosacea family and shows therapeut...
متن کاملRetracted: Time course changes of oxidative stress and inflammation in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in rats
متن کامل
The Evaluation of Melatonin Effect Against The Early Effect of Ionizing Radiation Induced Lung Injury
Background & Objective: Lung is a radiosensitive organ. Patients who are undergoing radiation therapy in their chest are subjected to radiation pneumonitis in the early phase and pulmonary fibrosis in the late one. Melatonin scavenges free radicals directly and acts as an indirect antioxidant through the activation of major antioxidant enzymes as well. The aim of the study thus is to investiga...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology
دوره 286 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2004